{"id":24582,"date":"2024-08-30T06:19:23","date_gmt":"2024-08-30T06:19:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/?p=24582"},"modified":"2024-08-30T06:19:23","modified_gmt":"2024-08-30T06:19:23","slug":"%d9%85%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%88-%d8%ae%d8%b7%d8%a3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%8c-%d9%88%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a3%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%87%d8%b0%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/%d9%85%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%88-%d8%ae%d8%b7%d8%a3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%8c-%d9%88%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a3%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%87%d8%b0%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 &#8220;\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_68_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/%d9%85%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%88-%d8%ae%d8%b7%d8%a3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%8c-%d9%88%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a3%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%87%d8%b0%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84\/#%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%84_%D9%87%D9%88_%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%A3_%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1\" title=\"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/%d9%85%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%88-%d8%ae%d8%b7%d8%a3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%8c-%d9%88%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a3%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%87%d8%b0%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84\/#%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B0%D8%A7_%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%85_%D8%AD%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%9F\" title=\"\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a\u061f\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/%d9%85%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%88-%d8%ae%d8%b7%d8%a3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%8c-%d9%88%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a3%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%87%d8%b0%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84\/#%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B0%D8%A7_%D8%B9%D9%86_%D8%B9%D8%AB%D8%A9_%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%9F\" title=\"\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0631\u061f\">\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0631\u061f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<div>\n<p>  \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644: \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 &#8220;\u062e\u0644\u0644&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u061f \u0633\u0646\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":0,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":0,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":0,\"ruleCount\":200,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":194} --><br \/>\n<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"currentRuleCount\":200,\"actualCount\":194,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":true,\"countRemainingForInjection\":6,\"nextBlockCount\":293,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":true,\"nextCount\":487} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":0,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":0,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":0,\"ruleCount\":200,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":200} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":1,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":1,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":0,\"ruleCount\":200,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":0} --><br \/>\n<!-- No winning ad found for zone: below first paragraph! --><br \/>\n<!-- No winning ad found for zone: native in content! --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"a-bug-is-an-unintentional-error-in-computer-software\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%84_%D9%87%D9%88_%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%A3_%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1\"><\/span>  \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>  &#8220;\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631&#8221; \u0623\u0648 &#8220;\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c&#8221; \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629. \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":1,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":1,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":1,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":287} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c \u062e\u0637\u0623\u064b \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0643\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d&#8221;. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":1,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":1,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":1,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":533} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"body-img landscape \">\n<div class=\"responsive-img image-expandable img-article-item\">\n<figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"433\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c \u062e\u0637\u0623.\" data-img-url=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u0645\u0627-\u0647\u0648-\u062e\u0637\u0623-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u060c-\u0648\u0645\u0646-\u0623\u064a\u0646-\u062c\u0627\u0621-\u0647\u0630\u0627-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u061f.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%87%D9%88-%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%A3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%87%D8%B0%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%9F.jpg?resize=650%2C433&#038;ssl=1\" style=\"height:auto;max-width:100%\" title=\"\"><figcaption class=\"body-img-caption\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shutterstock.com\/image-photo\/program-development-concept-young-man-working-605291450\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \/ \u0634\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0643<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":1,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":1,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":1,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":773} --><br \/>\n<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":773,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":true,\"countRemainingForInjection\":127,\"nextBlockCount\":554,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":true,\"nextCount\":1327} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":1,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":1,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":1,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":900} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":2,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":2,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":1,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":0} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20090610052743\/http:\/\/www.nist.gov\/public_affairs\/releases\/n02-10.htm\">\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 60 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/a> (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 0.6% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2002) &#8212; \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629. <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/arstechnica.com\/tech-policy\/2018\/05\/report-software-bug-led-to-death-in-ubers-self-driving-crash\/\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-cybersecurity-china\/exclusive-china-software-bug-makes-infrastructure-vulnerable-idUSTRE75G0CV20110617\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":2,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":2,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":2,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":427} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":2,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":2,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":2,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":427} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"why-do-we-call-them-bugs\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B0%D8%A7_%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%85_%D8%AD%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%9F\"><\/span>  \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a\u061f <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>  \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d &#8220;bug&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u063a \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d &#8220;bug&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":2,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":2,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":2,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":677} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"body-img landscape \">\n<div class=\"responsive-img image-expandable img-article-item\">\n<figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"358\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1878\" data-img-url=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724998761_331_\u0645\u0627-\u0647\u0648-\u062e\u0637\u0623-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u060c-\u0648\u0645\u0646-\u0623\u064a\u0646-\u062c\u0627\u0621-\u0647\u0630\u0627-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u061f.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724998761_331_%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%87%D9%88-%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%A3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%87%D8%B0%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%9F.jpg?resize=650%2C358&#038;ssl=1\" style=\"height:auto;max-width:100%\" title=\"\"><figcaption class=\"body-img-caption\">\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0633<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":2,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":2,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":2,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":917} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":2,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":0} --><br \/>\n<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":0,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":null,\"countRemainingForInjection\":null,\"nextBlockCount\":null,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":null} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0632\u062d \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/catalogue.swanngalleries.com\/Lots\/auction-lot\/EDISON-THOMAS-A-Autograph-Letter-Signed-Thos-A-Edison-to-Wes?saleno=2470&amp;lotNo=41&amp;refNo=743398\">\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 1878<\/a>: <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":238} --><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>  &#8220;\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a &#8220;\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0629&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0633 &#8220;Callbellum&#8221;. \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641.&#8221; <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":479} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/spectrum.ieee.org\/the-institute\/ieee-history\/did-you-know-edison-coined-the-term-bug\">\u062e\u0630 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649<\/a> \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u063a \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d &#8220;bug&#8221;\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lexico.com\/explore\/was-the-first-computer-bug-a-real-insect\">\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1889<\/a> \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d &#8220;<a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fly_in_the_ointment\">\u0630\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0645<\/a>&#8220;.&#8221; <\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":1006} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":4,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":4,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":0} --><br \/>\n<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":0,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":null,\"countRemainingForInjection\":null,\"nextBlockCount\":null,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":null} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"body-img landscape \">\n<div class=\"responsive-img image-expandable img-article-item\">\n<figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"358\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\u0622\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1843.\" data-img-url=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724998761_197_\u0645\u0627-\u0647\u0648-\u062e\u0637\u0623-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u060c-\u0648\u0645\u0646-\u0623\u064a\u0646-\u062c\u0627\u0621-\u0647\u0630\u0627-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u061f.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724998761_197_%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%87%D9%88-%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%A3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%87%D8%B0%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%9F.jpg?resize=650%2C358&#038;ssl=1\" style=\"height:auto;max-width:100%\" title=\"\"><figcaption class=\"body-img-caption\">\u0622\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1843.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":4,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":4,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":4,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":240} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u062e\u0637\u0623&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0622\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0633. <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/Page:Scientific_Memoirs,_Vol._3_(1843).djvu\/708\">\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1843\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062c\u060c <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Analytical_Engine\">\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/a>. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":4,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":4,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":4,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":512} --><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>  &#8220;\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629<br \/>\n<i>\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/i><br \/>\n \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623. \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c<br \/>\n<i>\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/i><br \/>\n \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":4,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":4,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":4,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":862} --><br \/>\n<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":862,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":true,\"countRemainingForInjection\":38,\"nextBlockCount\":288,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":true,\"nextCount\":1150} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":4,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":4,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":4,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":900} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":4,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":0} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633\u060c \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 (\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a) \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":250} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":250} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"what-about-grace-hopper-s-moth\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B0%D8%A7_%D8%B9%D9%86_%D8%B9%D8%AB%D8%A9_%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%9F\"><\/span>  \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0631\u061f <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>  \u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0623\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d &#8220;\u062e\u0637\u0623&#8221; \u0635\u0627\u063a\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grace_Hopper\">\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0631<\/a> \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harvard_Mark_II\">\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/a> \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629: &#8220;\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627&#8221;. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":619} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"body-img landscape \">\n<div class=\"responsive-img image-expandable img-article-item\">\n<figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"425\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1947.\" data-img-url=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724998762_427_\u0645\u0627-\u0647\u0648-\u062e\u0637\u0623-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u060c-\u0648\u0645\u0646-\u0623\u064a\u0646-\u062c\u0627\u0621-\u0647\u0630\u0627-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u061f.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724998762_427_%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%87%D9%88-%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%A3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%87%D8%B0%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%9F.jpg?resize=650%2C425&#038;ssl=1\" style=\"height:auto;max-width:100%\" title=\"\"><figcaption class=\"body-img-caption\">\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":859} --><br \/>\n<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":859,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":true,\"countRemainingForInjection\":41,\"nextBlockCount\":390,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":true,\"nextCount\":1249} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":900} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":6,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":6,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":0} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Mark II \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1947\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u064a &#8220;bug&#8221; \u0623\u0648 &#8220;debug&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/amhistory.si.edu\/archives\/AC0196_hopp681100.pdf\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1968<\/a>: <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":6,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":6,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":6,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":349} --><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>  &#8220;\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0645\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0647\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0635\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062f (\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631).&#8221; <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":6,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":6,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":6,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":910} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":6,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":0} --><br \/>\n<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":0,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":null,\"countRemainingForInjection\":null,\"nextBlockCount\":null,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":null} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c)\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0634 &#8220;\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647&#8221;. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":268} --><\/p>\n<p>  (\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a&#8221;\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631. <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nzeldes.com\/HOC\/Relays.htm\">\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/a>(\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647.) <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":544} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"body-img landscape \">\n<div class=\"responsive-img image-expandable img-article-item\">\n<figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"423\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a IBM.\" data-img-url=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724998762_541_\u0645\u0627-\u0647\u0648-\u062e\u0637\u0623-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u060c-\u0648\u0645\u0646-\u0623\u064a\u0646-\u062c\u0627\u0621-\u0647\u0630\u0627-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u061f.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724998762_541_%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%87%D9%88-%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%A3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%87%D8%B0%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%9F.jpg?resize=650%2C423&#038;ssl=1\" style=\"height:auto;max-width:100%\" title=\"\"><figcaption class=\"body-img-caption\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nzeldes.com\/HOC\/Relays.htm\">\u0622\u064a \u0628\u064a \u0625\u0645<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":784} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/americanhistory.si.edu\/collections\/search\/object\/nmah_334663\">\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 <\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":1004} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":8,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":8,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":0} --><br \/>\n<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":0,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":null,\"countRemainingForInjection\":null,\"nextBlockCount\":null,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":null} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 2 (\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643&#8221;) \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u061f <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":8,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":8,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":8,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":307} -->\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644: \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 &#8220;\u062e\u0644\u0644&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0641\u064a 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\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c &#8230; <a title=\"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 &#8220;\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u061f\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/%d9%85%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%88-%d8%ae%d8%b7%d8%a3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%8c-%d9%88%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a3%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%87%d8%b0%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 &#8220;\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u061f\">\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24583,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[939,70,218],"class_list":["post-24582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-computer-history","tag-939","tag-70","tag-218"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724998762_%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%87%D9%88-%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%A3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%87%D8%B0%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%9F.jpg?fit=1200%2C555&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24582","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24582"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24582\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24583"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24582"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24582"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24582"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}