{"id":21011,"date":"2024-08-29T16:10:40","date_gmt":"2024-08-29T16:10:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/?p=21011"},"modified":"2024-08-29T16:10:40","modified_gmt":"2024-08-29T16:10:40","slug":"%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85-%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-xerox-alto-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b1%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85-%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-xerox-alto-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b1%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b4\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 Xerox Alto \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0643"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_68_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85-%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-xerox-alto-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b1%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b4\/#%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%A9\" title=\"\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\">\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85-%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-xerox-alto-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b1%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b4\/#%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84\" title=\"\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\">\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85-%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-xerox-alto-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b1%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b4\/#%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B3_%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88\" title=\"\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u0644\u062a\u0648\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u0644\u062a\u0648<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85-%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-xerox-alto-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b1%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b4\/#%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A8_Alto_%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85\" title=\"\u062c\u0631\u0628 Alto \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\">\u062c\u0631\u0628 Alto \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85-%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-xerox-alto-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b1%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b4\/#%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B8%D8%B1%D8%8C_%D9%87%D8%B0%D8%A7_%D9%84%D8%A7_%D9%8A%D8%B4%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B2_Mac_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82\" title=\"\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Mac \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\">\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Mac \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"w-table-content\">\n<h3 class=\"title icon i-flash\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%A9\"><\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"table-content\">\n<div class=\"w-table-content-list\">\n<ul class=\"table-content-list\">\n<li class=\"table-content-element icon\">\n<div class=\"table-content-link\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"#try-the-alto-yourself-today\">\u062c\u0631\u0628 Alto \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/a> <\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"table-content-list\">\n<li class=\"table-content-element icon\">\n<div class=\"table-content-link\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"#wait-this-is-nothing-like-a-mac\">\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Mac \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642<\/a> <\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>  \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1973\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xerox_Alto\">\u0623\u0644\u062a\u0648<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0645\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0623\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Alto \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0643. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Alto. <\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":0,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":0,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":0,\"ruleCount\":200,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":297} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":1,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":1,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":0,\"ruleCount\":200,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":0} --><br \/>\n<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"currentRuleCount\":200,\"actualCount\":0,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":null,\"countRemainingForInjection\":null,\"nextBlockCount\":null,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":null} --><br \/>\n<!-- No winning ad found for zone: below first paragraph! --><br \/>\n<!-- No winning ad found for zone: native in content! --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"tremendous-influence\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84\"><\/span>  \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>  \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1973\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PARC_(company)\">\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0644\u062a\u0648<\/a> (\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643) <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/uploads\/prod\/2016\/11\/25-Alto-as-pub.pdf\">\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0642<\/a> \u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 Xerox Alto \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0633 (GUI)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Smalltalk\">\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":1,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":1,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":1,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":314} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0625\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 Alto \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0644 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/WYSIWYG\">\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647<\/a> (&#8220;\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647&#8221;) <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Dhmz68CII9Y\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=GgO7Ww8NXCk\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629<\/a> \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0627 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":1,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":1,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":1,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":659} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":1,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":1,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":1,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":899} --><br \/>\n<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":899,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":true,\"countRemainingForInjection\":1,\"nextBlockCount\":318,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":true,\"nextCount\":1217} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":1,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":1,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":1,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":900} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":2,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":2,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":1,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":0} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 Xerox PARC <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/magazine\/2011\/05\/16\/creation-myth\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 Alto \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.righto.com\/2018\/01\/xerox-altos-3-mbs-ethernet-building.html\">\u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u062b\u0631\u0646\u062a<\/a> (\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a PARC)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 Alto \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 ARPANET\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0636\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":2,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":2,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":2,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":317} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xerox_Star\">\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/a> \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0633\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0644\u062a\u0648. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a (\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649) \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u062a\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629. <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PERQ\">\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f<\/a>. \u0648\u0641\u064a <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=M0zgj2p7Ww4\">\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1979<\/a>\u0631\u0648\u062c\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633 \u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 Alto\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":2,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":2,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":2,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":752} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":2,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":2,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":2,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":992} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":2,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":0} --><br \/>\n<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":0,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":null,\"countRemainingForInjection\":null,\"nextBlockCount\":null,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":null} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/magazine\/2011\/05\/16\/creation-myth\">\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641 \u062c\u0648\u0628\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1979<\/a> \u0648\u062e\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.macworld.com\/article\/220136\/30-years-of-the-apple-lisa-and-the-apple-iie.html\">\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1983 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":239} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 2000 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 Alto \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 (Alto I \u0648Alto II)\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 2000 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Alto \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 (Alto I \u0648Alto II). <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/byte-magazine-1981-09\/page\/n59\/mode\/2up?view=theater\">\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0640 50 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1979\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":569} --><\/p>\n<p> <span class=\"related-single\">\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629: \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a: \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 TCP\/IP \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 40 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/span> <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":627} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":627} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"xerox-alto-specs\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B3_%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88\"><\/span>  \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u0644\u062a\u0648 <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>  \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1972\u060c \u0641\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Alto \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064b\u0627 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arithmetic_logic_unit\">\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642<\/a> \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cpushack.com\/2010\/10\/18\/before-the-pc-before-apple-was-the-xerox-alto\/\">\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d TI 74181<\/a>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 Alto. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":841} --><br \/>\n<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":841,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":true,\"countRemainingForInjection\":59,\"nextBlockCount\":306,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":true,\"nextCount\":1147} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":900} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":4,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":4,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":0} --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 16 \u0628\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 5.8 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 <\/li>\n<li>  128 \u0625\u0644\u0649 512 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a <\/li>\n<li>  \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 (\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u0642\u0637) \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 606 \u00d7 808 \u0628\u0643\u0633\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 CRT \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u064a <\/li>\n<li>  \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0634 \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 2.5 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a <\/li>\n<li>  \u0641\u0623\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0631 <\/li>\n<li>  \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chorded_keyboard\">\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0631<\/a> <\/li>\n<li>  \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":4,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":4,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":4,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":247} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":4,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":4,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":4,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":247} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"try-the-alto-yourself-today\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A8_Alto_%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85\"><\/span>  \u062c\u0631\u0628 Alto \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>  \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c Xerox Alto \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062e\u0627\u0635. \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/archives.loomcom.com\/contraltojs\/\">\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648 \u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0633<\/a> \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/livingcomputermuseum\/contralto\">\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a<\/a> \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 JavaScript \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/loomcom.com\/\">\u0633\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0648<\/a>. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":4,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":4,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":4,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":549} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"body-img landscape \">\n<div class=\"responsive-img image-expandable img-article-item\">\n<figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"400\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 MazeWar \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Xerox Alto\" data-img-url=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645-\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629-Xerox-Alto-\u0645\u0646-\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646-\u0641\u064a-\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0643.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%A9-Xerox-Alto-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%83.jpg?resize=650%2C400&#038;ssl=1\" style=\"height:auto;max-width:100%\" title=\"\">  <\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":4,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":4,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":4,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":789} --><br \/>\n<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":789,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":true,\"countRemainingForInjection\":111,\"nextBlockCount\":301,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":true,\"nextCount\":1090} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":4,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":4,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":4,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":900} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":4,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":0} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621\u060c <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/archives.loomcom.com\/contraltojs\/\">\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 ContrAltoJS<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0648\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b (\u0645\u062b\u0644 Chrome \u0623\u0648 Firefox \u0623\u0648 Safari \u0623\u0648 Edge). \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 Alto \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0635. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0634\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Alto \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":190} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 &#8220;games.dsk&#8221; \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0626 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0642 &#8220;Boot&#8221;. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":308} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"body-img landscape \">\n<div class=\"responsive-img image-expandable img-article-item\">\n<figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"195\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 &quot;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f.&quot;\" data-img-url=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724947837_609_\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645-\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629-Xerox-Alto-\u0645\u0646-\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646-\u0641\u064a-\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0643.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724947837_609_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%A9-Xerox-Alto-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%83.jpg?resize=650%2C195&#038;ssl=1\" style=\"height:auto;max-width:100%\" title=\"\">  <\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":548} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Alto \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 &#8220;\u061f&#8221; \u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 (\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Enter) \u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":839} --><br \/>\n<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":839,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":true,\"countRemainingForInjection\":61,\"nextBlockCount\":240,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":true,\"nextCount\":1079} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":900} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":6,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":6,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":0} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"body-img landscape \">\n<div class=\"responsive-img image-expandable img-article-item\">\n<figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"363\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 Xerox Alto\" data-img-url=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724947838_302_\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645-\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629-Xerox-Alto-\u0645\u0646-\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646-\u0641\u064a-\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0643.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724947838_302_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%A9-Xerox-Alto-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%83.jpg?resize=650%2C363&#038;ssl=1\" style=\"height:auto;max-width:100%\" title=\"\">  <\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":6,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":6,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":6,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":179} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 Star Trek \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0628 &#8220;trek&#8221; \u0648\u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Enter \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062a\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 Morabito \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629. <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=NqKyHEJe9_w\">\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/a>\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":6,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":6,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":6,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":475} --><\/p>\n<p> <span class=\"related-single\">\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u061f<\/span> <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":6,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":6,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":6,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":528} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":6,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":6,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":6,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":528} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"wait-this-is-nothing-like-a-mac\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B8%D8%B1%D8%8C_%D9%87%D8%B0%D8%A7_%D9%84%D8%A7_%D9%8A%D8%B4%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B2_Mac_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82\"><\/span>  \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Mac \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>  \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c Xerox Alto\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 Alto (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 &#8220;Alto Executive&#8221;) \u0647\u0648 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toastytech.com\/guis\/alto.html\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/a>\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a Alto\u060c Neptune\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 &#8212; \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u061f <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":6,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":6,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":6,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":878} --><br \/>\n<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":878,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":true,\"countRemainingForInjection\":22,\"nextBlockCount\":553,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":true,\"nextCount\":1431} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":6,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":6,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":6,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":900} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":6,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":0} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Xerox Alto \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 Lisa \u0648Macintosh \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c Apple\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Alto \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0640 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 Apple \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xerox_Star\">\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 8010<\/a> \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 Viewpoint\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1981. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 Star \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":531} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"body-img landscape \">\n<div class=\"responsive-img image-expandable img-article-item\">\n<figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"500\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a Neptune \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Xerox Alto.\" data-img-url=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724947838_583_\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645-\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629-Xerox-Alto-\u0645\u0646-\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646-\u0641\u064a-\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0643.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724947838_583_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%A9-Xerox-Alto-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%83.jpg?resize=650%2C500&#038;ssl=1\" style=\"height:auto;max-width:100%\" title=\"\">  <\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":771} --><\/p>\n<p>  (\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a Neptune \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a Microsoft Windows \u0642\u0628\u0644 Windows 95 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 Mac.) <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":896} --><br \/>\n<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":896,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":true,\"countRemainingForInjection\":4,\"nextBlockCount\":347,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":true,\"nextCount\":1243} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":900} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":8,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":8,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":0} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 (\u0645\u0646 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NLS_(computer_system)\">\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 NLS<\/a>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 Alto\u060c \u0648Star\u060c \u0648Lisa\u060c \u0648Mac\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 Alto \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645. <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":8,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":8,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":8,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":343} --><\/p>\n<p>  \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 Xerox Alto \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a PARC\u060c \u0641\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 Dealers of Lightning \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 Michael A. Hiltzik. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0631\u0651\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a Alto \u0648\u062c\u0631\u0651\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639! <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":8,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":8,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":8,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":614} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"display-card scroll-offset tag large no-badge active-content \" data-include-community-rating=\"false\" id=\"06c9-4856-a135aa17e12c\">\n<div class=\"w-img \">\n<div class=\"body-img portrait \">\n<div class=\"responsive-img img-article-square\">\n<figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"328\" height=\"500\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"41TJLW-R-eL._SL500_\" data-img-url=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724947838_796_\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645-\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629-Xerox-Alto-\u0645\u0646-\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646-\u0641\u064a-\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0643.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724947838_796_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%A9-Xerox-Alto-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%83.jpg?resize=328%2C500&#038;ssl=1\" style=\"height:auto;max-width:100%\" title=\"\">  <\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"w-display-card-content regular article-block\">\n<h5 class=\"display-card-title \">  \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0642: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633 \u0648\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 <\/h5>\n<p>14 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 <span class=\"regular-price\">19 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u0648\u0641\u0631 5 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a <\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p> <span class=\"related-single\">\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629: \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 Macintosh 1: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 Mac OS 1.0 \u0645\u0646 Apple\u061f<\/span> <\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":8,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":8,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":8,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":678} -->\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0628 Alto \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Mac \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1973\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u0644\u062a\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0645\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0623\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Alto \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0643. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 &#8230; <a title=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 Xerox Alto \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0643\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85-%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-xerox-alto-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b1%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b4\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 Xerox Alto \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0643\">\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21012,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[867],"class_list":["post-21011","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-computer-history","tag-867"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1724947838_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%A9-Xerox-Alto-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%83.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21011","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21011"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21011\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21012"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21011"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21011"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goodwriterz.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21011"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}